Forecasting technological progress potential based on the complexity of product knowledge

Article history: Received 20 May 2013 Received in revised form 7 January 2014 Accepted 9 February 2014 Available online 28 February 2014 Investing in R&D for a product employing new technologies is a challenging issue for companies and governments alike, especially at the critical juncture of deciding the degree of resource allocation, if any. Decision-makers generally rely either on historical data or intuitive prediction to gauge the rate of improvement and level of R&D spending to achieve the desired improvement. This paper introduces a systematic way of forecasting the endogenous progress potential of a product based on the complexity of its knowledge structure. The knowledge structure represents knowledge associatedwith the product's core technology and the configuration of the components and sub-systems supporting the core technology. Topological properties of complex networks are applied to assess the knowledge complexity of a product relative to its class. Analyses of the complexity of knowledge structures for a set of energy harvesting devices confirm that node degree and clustering coefficient provide distinguishing topological properties whereas community size and membership number do not clearly differentiate the knowledge structure complexity. We discuss the implications of these findings on forecasting progress potential. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.